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Volume: 32 | Article ID: art00097_1
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Effect of Non-Integer Scaling on the Recovery of Data-bearing Marks
  DOI :  10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2017.32.386  Published OnlineSeptember 2016
Abstract

The spatial quantization imparted by printed pixels becomes significant when printing finely detailed bitonal images such as data-bearing halftones. This paper explores the consequences non-integer scaling has on data recovery error from such data-bearing marks. We verify that different printer manufacturers use nearest-neighbor scaling, and conducted hundreds of print and mobile camera capture measurements to quantify data recovery errors as a function of printed pixel replication factor. We tested the effects of multiple payloads represented by several data-bearing images, printed on a variety of printers, and captured at different camera distances. The analog print–and-capture experiments are compared with digital simulations, using several error measures. The results support a surprising conclusion: there is no significant advantage in forcing printed pixel replication to be an integer.

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Robert Ulichney, Yufang Sun, Matthew Gaubatz, Stephen Pollard, "Effect of Non-Integer Scaling on the Recovery of Data-bearing Marksin Proc. IS&T Printing for Fabrication: Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP32),  2016,  https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2017.32.386

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