Tribo-charging phenomena have been known since Greek age and various studies have been carried out. In electrophotography, toner tribo-charging by carriers is very important. Standard carriers have been developed for estimating toner charging property by ISJ (Imaging Society of Japan). There are four types of carriers from positive to negative charging characteristics. The carriers are expected to be applied to estimate characteristics of other materials. Film charging characteristics by the carriers have been studied. Film charging abilities are estimated by plotting surface voltage against four types of carrier charging abilities. The estimated film charging abilities show good correlation with film-film rubbing charging experiments. In this report, resin sphere balls which are bigger than carrier and made from PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate), PP (Polypropylene) and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) are charged by the ISJ standard carriers and the charging abilities is estimated. It is suggested that the carriers are also applicable to estimate the charging characters of bigger size resin ball.
Yasushi Hoshino, Disna Karunanayake, "Comparison Between Resin Sphere and Film Charging by Various Charging Characteristic Carrier" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies and Digital Fabrication (NIP29), 2013, pp 525 - 528, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2013.29.1.art00062_2