Computation of mixing of toners in mixers with complex geometries requires extensive computational effort. Continuum models are more practical for such problems in comparison with DEM models due to the size of the problem. Use of continuum models requires appropriate material properties for modeling such flows. Discrete element model is used to determine the material properties for the continuum model. A simple problem is solved first by both DEM and continuum models. By comparing the results of these to solutions, material properties of the toner for continuum model are determined. In this paper, a summary of the formulations is provided and examples of a simple experiment of toner flow are illustrated.
Akin Ecer, Vladi Rubek, Kemal Arican, "Modeling of Mixing of Toners with DEM and Continuum Models" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies and Digital Fabrication (NIP26), 2010, pp 365 - 367, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2010.26.1.art00096_1