In digital printing, adhesion of marking materials, such as ink, to a substrate, such as paper or plastic, is of paramount importance. In Liquid Electrophotographic Printing (LEP), the adhesion is even more critical as the typical LEP process does not involve any post-printing fixing step. In an earlier publication, we have shown that acid-base and van-der Waals interactions at the ink-paper interface determine the adhesion in LEP. In this paper, we attempt to correlate such interactions to paper surface components which contribute to both good and bad adhesional characteristics. We have selected four representative commercially available papers and isolated their coating materials. These coating materials were dissolved in non-polar and polar solvents, such as chloroform, toluene and water, and then analyzed using FTIR spectroscopic measurements, proton NMR and LCMS analyses. Our results indicate presence of styrene butadiene rubber in most coated papers with different amounts of butadiene to styrene (B toS) ratios. We found that generally 1:1 to 1:1.2 B to S ratios were better performers while B to S of 1:2 to 1:2.5 were poorer performers. We also found that papers with some amounts of poly vinyl alcohol or starch as co-binders of the media coating showed good adhesion. Uncoated papers with carboxylic acid also showed good adhesion.
Manoj K. Bhattacharyya, Sivapackia Ganapathiappan, Hou T. Ng, Marc Aronhime, Bruce Jackson, Stanley Morse, "Adhesion in LEP and its Correlation to Paper Surface Chemical Makeup" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies and Digital Fabrication (NIP26), 2010, pp 499 - 502, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2010.26.1.art00033_2