In this paper, a robust multi-pass printing method is introduced. This is a technique where a new design variable is included: a weight factor A(n) that affects the density of dots being printed by every nozzle in the print-head. In the paper, the dot density of a vertical multi-pass system is described in an analytical expression. Then, it is theoretically shown how the minimization of the roughness measure of above expression with respect to A(n) leads to a closed expression for the optimal dot density at every pass, or, in other words, to the optimal multi-pass system.
Cesar L. Nino, T. Roger Keane, "A Robust Multi-pass Printing Method" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies and Digital Fabrication (NIP23), 2007, pp 781 - 786, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2007.23.1.art00065_2