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Volume: 20 | Article ID: art00040_1
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Theory of Toner Adhesion
L.B. Schein
W. Stanley Czarnecki
Bruce Christensen
Taomo Mu
Graham Galliford
  DOI :  10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2004.20.1.art00040_1  Published Online :  January 2004
Abstract

A theory of toner adhesion to a conductive plane is suggested which takes into account the electrostatic proximity force. The proximity force is due to the attraction of charges on the toner particle in close proximity to the conductive plane to their respective image charges. In this paper the origin of the proximity force is discussed and experimental verification of this theory of toner adhesion is presented using a 16 micron diameter, ground toner with silica additives. The theory is fit to complete curves of the development and residual mass per unit area, charge-to-mass ratio, and size distribution in an electric field detachment experiment. The observed adhesion and ratio of the measured toner adhesion to theory is the lowest every observed (to the authors' knowledge).

Journal Title : NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference
Publisher Name : Society of Imaging Science and Technology
Publisher Location : 7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA
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 DOI 10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2004.20.1.art00040_1
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L.B. Schein, W. Stanley Czarnecki, Bruce Christensen, Taomo Mu, Graham Galliford, "Theory of Toner Adhesion"  in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP20),  2004,  pp 163 - 168,  https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2004.20.1.art00040_1

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Copyright © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2004
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NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference
nip digi fabric conf
2169-4451
Society of Imaging Science and Technology
7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA
2169-4451(20040101)2004:1L.163;1-
nip_v2004n1/splitsection40.xml
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Articles
Theory of Toner Adhesion
ScheinL.B.
CzarneckiW. Stanley
ChristensenBruce
MuTaomo
GallifordGraham
01012004
2004
1
163
168
2004
A theory of toner adhesion to a conductive plane is suggested which takes into account the electrostatic proximity force. The proximity force is due to the attraction of charges on the toner particle in close proximity to the conductive plane to their respective image charges. In this paper the origin of the proximity force is discussed and experimental verification of this theory of toner adhesion is presented using a 16 micron diameter, ground toner with silica additives. The theory is fit to complete curves of the development and residual mass per unit area, charge-to-mass ratio, and size distribution in an electric field detachment experiment. The observed adhesion and ratio of the measured toner adhesion to theory is the lowest every observed (to the authors' knowledge).