The diffusion of light within paper can affect the color of a halftone print, an effect known as optical dot gain or the Yule-Neilson effect. A theory is presented that allows one to determine the tristimulus values of a halftone color in terms of the halftone microstructure including the effects of light diffusion. The formula presented is a generalization of the Neugebauer equations.
Geoffrey L. Rogers, "Halftone Color: Diffusion of Light within Paper" in Proc. IS&T 6th Color and Imaging Conf., 1998, pp 185 - 188, https://doi.org/10.2352/CIC.1998.6.1.art00039