An object’s color is affected by the color of the light incident upon it, and the illuminant-dependent nature of color creates problems for convolutional neural networks performing tasks such as image classification and object recognition. Such networks would benefit from illuminant-invariant representation of the image colors. The Laplacian of the logarithm of the image is introduced as an effective color invariant. Applying the Laplacian in log space makes the input colors approximately illuminationinvariant. The illumination invariance derives from the fact that finite-difference differentiation in log space is equivalent to ratios of neighboring pixels in the original space. For narrow-band sensors, rationing neighboring pixels cancels out their shared illumination component. The resulting color representation is no longer absolute, but rather is a relative color representation. Testing shows that when using the Laplacian of the logarithm as input to a Convolutional Neural Network designed for classification its performance is: (i) approximately equal to that of the same network trained on sRGB data under white light, and (ii) largely unaffected by changes in the illumination.
Brian Funt, Ligeng Zhu, "Laplacian of Logarithm as Illuminant-Invariant Input Space" in Color and Imaging Conference, 2022, pp 182 - 187, https://doi.org/10.2352/CIC.2022.30.1.32