For exact color reproduction of objects under varying illuminants it is necessary to provide information on the complete reflectance spectrum. Since no analytical solution exists a stochastic optimization algorithm is applied to calculate basis vectors for representing a set of test spectra that lead to a minimal color deviation.
Werner Praefcke, Thomas Keusen, "Optimized Basis Functions for Coding Reflectance Spectra Minimizing the Visual Color Difference" in Proc. IS&T 3rd Color and Imaging Conf., 1995, pp 37 - 40, https://doi.org/10.2352/CIC.1995.3.1.art00010