Center/Surround (C/S) response is the first step in human vision, which represents many aspects of visual perception. The C/S model has hinted to sharpness, lightness, and contrast improvements in image processing. Retinex is a root of C/S based vision model which restores an intrinsic reflectance image by removing the spatial non-uniformities of illumination. To recreate a viewer's sensation of real scenes, Tone Mapping Operators (TMO) have been actively developed during the past decade in two ways of Spatially-invariant and Spatially-variant approaches and now the latter is becoming major stream. However, since most of spatially-variant TMO are designed independent of input/output Tone Reproduction Curve (TRC) and based on “pixel-based” C/S process, they meets a difficulty in keeping the output local contrast as same as the input image.This paper proposes an improved spatially-variant TMO based on an “area-based” C/S process different from “pixel-based” C/S process that maintains local visual Contrast based on Weber Fraction criterion under the given system TRC. The paper describes a basic mathematical formula and introduces experimental results applied to natural images.
Hiroaki Kotera, Takahiko Horiuchi, Ryoichi Saito, Haruo Yamashita, Yusuke Monobe, "Visual Contrast Mapping based on Weber's Fraction" in Proc. IS&T 14th Color and Imaging Conf., 2006, pp 257 - 262, https://doi.org/10.2352/CIC.2006.14.1.art00047