We introduce a new non-linear method for RGB-to-XYZ color calibration based on the technique of thin plate splines. Originally, thin plate splines were designed for deformable matching between 2-dimensional images for object recognition. We use 3-dimensional thin plate splines to map between sets of RGB device coordinates and corresponding sets of CIE XYZ coordinates. Tests calibrating several displays as well as a camera show thin plate spline calibration to be more accurate than existing linear or non-linear calibration methods.
Weihua Xiong, Brian Funt, "Nonlinear RGB-to-XYZ Mapping for Device Calibration" in Proc. IS&T 13th Color and Imaging Conf., 2005, pp 200 - 204, https://doi.org/10.2352/CIC.2005.13.1.art00037