Whether two stimuli appear to be of different colors depends on a host of factors, ranging from the observer, via viewing conditions to content and context. Previously, studies have explored just noticeable difference thresholds for uniform colors viewed with or without spatial separation, for complex images and for fine features like lines in architectural drawings. An important case that has not been characterized to date is that of continuous color transitions, such as those obtained when selecting two colors and generating a sequence of intermediate colors between them. Such transitions are often part of natural scenes (e.g., sunsets, the sky, curved surfaces, soft shadows, etc.) and are also commonly used in visual design, including for backgrounds and various graphical elements. Where the just noticeable difference lies in this case will be explored here by way of a small-scale, pilot experiment, conducted in an uncontrolled, on-line way. Its results suggest a threshold in the region of 0.5 to 0.8 ΔE2000 for the few stimuli evaluated in the pilot experiment reported here and indicate a behavior that is in the region of viewing solid colors without a gap. A pilot verification with complex images also showed thresholds with a comparable range.
The cross-modal association is a specific connection experienced between stimuli, attributes, or perceptual dimensions. Most previous studies related to the cross-modal association of color and temperature use subjective report methods, and the underlying mechanisms behind this association are unclear. This study used the Implicit Association Test (IAT) paradigm combined with event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by color stimuli to explore the cross-modal association between color, in terms of hue, saturation, and brightness, and temperature. Cross-modal associations between hue and temperature, as well as saturation and temperature were found. There was no evidence for the existence of a brightness-temperature cross-modal association. Additionally, significant differences in the average N1 amplitudes were observed in the hue IAT task. Significant differences in the average N2 and N400 amplitudes were observed in both the hue and saturation IAT tasks, indicating that both corresponding cross-modal associations have a semantic basis to some degree.
Professional digitization of cultural heritage items in the Polish State Archives can be divided into two major branches: digital imaging of transparencies and reflectives. While the latter has been meticulously standardized in accordance with ISO 19264 and domestic guidelines, the case is much different for the former. This paper is aimed at addressing the issue of color in mass digitization projects.
Color imaging has historically been treated as a phenomenon sufficiently described by three independent parameters. Recent advances in computational resources and in the understanding of the human aspects are leading to new approaches that extend the purely metrological view of color towards a perceptual approach describing the appearance of objects, documents and displays. Part of this perceptual view is the incorporation of spatial aspects, adaptive color processing based on image content, and the automation of color tasks, to name a few. This dynamic nature applies to all output modalities, including hardcopy devices, but to an even larger extent to soft-copy displays with their even larger options of dynamic processing. Spatially adaptive gamut and tone mapping, dynamic contrast, and color management continue to support the unprecedented development of display hardware covering everything from mobile displays to standard monitors, and all the way to large size screens and emerging technologies. The scope of inquiry is also broadened by the desire to match not only color, but complete appearance perceived by the user. This conference provides an opportunity to present, to interact, and to learn about the most recent developments in color imaging and material appearance researches, technologies and applications. Focus of the conference is on color basic research and testing, color image input, dynamic color image output and rendering, color image automation, emphasizing color in context and color in images, and reproduction of images across local and remote devices. The conference covers also software, media, and systems related to color and material appearance. Special attention is given to applications and requirements created by and for multidisciplinary fields involving color and/or vision.
Accurate models of the electroretinogram are important both for understanding the multifold processes of light transduction to ecologically useful signals by the retina, but also its diagnostic capabilities for the identification of the array of retinal diseases. The present neuroanalytic model of the human rod ERG is elaborated from the same general principles as that of Hood & Birch (1992), but incorporates the more recent understanding of the early stages of ERG generation by Robson & Frishman (2014). As a result, it provides a significantly better match in six different waveform features of the canonical ERG flash intensity series than previous models of rod responses.
Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems continues the tradition of the past conference, Nonlinear Image Processing and Pattern Analysis, in exploring new image processing algorithms. Specifically, the conference aims at highlighting the importance of the interaction between transform-, model-, and learning-based approaches for creating effective algorithms and building modern imaging systems for new and emerging applications. It also reverberates the growing call for integration of the theoretical research on image processing algorithms with the more applied research on image processing systems.
Color imaging has historically been treated as a phenomenon sufficiently described by three independent parameters. Recent advances in computational resources and in the understanding of the human aspects are leading to new approaches that extend the purely metrological view of color towards a perceptual approach in documents and displays. Part of this perceptual view is the incorporation of spatial aspects, adaptive color processing based on image content, and the automation of color tasks, to name a few. This dynamic nature applies to all output modalities, including hardcopy devices, but to an even larger extent to soft-copy displays with their even larger options of dynamic processing. Spatially adaptive gamut and tone mapping, dynamic contrast, and color management continue to support the unprecedented development of display hardware covering everything from mobile displays to standard monitors, and all the way to large size screens and emerging technologies. This conference provides an opportunity to present, to interact, and to learn about the most recent developments in color imaging researches, technologies and applications. Focus of the conference is on color basic research and testing, color image input, dynamic color image output and rendering, color image automation, emphasizing color in context and color in images, and reproduction of images across local and remote devices. The conference covers also software, media, and systems related to color. Special attention is given to applications and requirements created by and for multidisciplinary fields involving color and/or vision.
Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems continues the tradition of the past conference Nonlinear Image Processing and Pattern Analysis in exploring new image processing algorithms. It also reverberates the growing call for integration of the theoretical research on image processing algorithms with the more applied research on image processing systems. Specifically, the conference aims at highlighting the importance of the interaction between transform-, model-, and learning-based approaches for creating effective algorithms and building modern imaging systems for new and emerging applications.
Managing color on a particular imaging system is a wellunderstood challenge with a wealth of existing models, methods and techniques. In the case of printing systems, these tend to operate in the context of a single substrate, where managing color on every additional substrate is approach as a separate, detached problem. While such a mind-set works reasonably well in general, it breaks down when it comes to printing onto precolored textiles, such as pre-dyed fabrics. The present paper therefore introduces a family of approaches that support the use of multiple pre-colored textiles on a given printing system that also allow for a balance between characterization effort and color match accuracy. This, in turn provides solutions that can fit a variety of practical working patterns to maximize overall efficiency and performance.