108 Megapixel1/f noise100 Hue test1-bit matrix completion180 degree images1 MICRON PIXELS133-MEGAPIXEL1st and 2nd FM generation 3D halftoning
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2D2.5D2AFC2D-TO-3D CONVERSION ARTIFACTS2-D barcodes2D printing2.5 D printing2x2 On-chip Lens2.5D PRINTING2D/3D imaging, high performance computing, imaging systems, efficient computations and storage2.5D printing2D AND 3D CONVERTIBLE DISPLAY2D to Hologram conversion2D metrics2-d scale2D and 3D video2D-plus-depth video2.5D reconstruction2D DCT2D VIEWS
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35MM FILM DIGITIZATION3D mesh simplification3D projector3DCNN3D-Anisotropic smoothing3D Scene Reconstruction and Modeling3D human-centered technologies3D point cloud3D-assisted features3D/4D SCANNING3D localization3D range geometry3D colour Digital Image Correlation3D Print Appearance3D digitization and dissemination3D localization and mapping3D ACQUISITION ARCHITECTURE3D imaging3D audio3D INTERACTION360° VIDEO3D printer3D Photogrammetry3D RECOVERY3D visual representation3D-high efficiency video coding3D DISPLAY3d mapping3-D SHAPE RECOVERY360x3D scene capture3A ALGORITHMS360 Video3D TV3D cinema and TV3D PROFILE360-Degree Video Technology3D USER INTERFACES3D Range Data Encoding3d3D-printing3D Reconstruction3D Color Printing3D CG Image360-degree imaging3D3D encoding3D vision3DGS3D COMPRESSION AND ENCRYPTION3D glasses3D surface structure based halftoning3D STIMULI3d video3A Algorithms3D IMAGE3D Gaussian splatting3D Display3D MESHES360-degree3DViewers360-degree video3D models3D communications3D displays3DSR3D Scene Reconstruction3D Lidar3D-CNN3D MESH360° STEREO PANORAMAS3D Iterative Halftoning3D reconstruction3D Compression and Encryption3D VISUALIZATION3DMM3-T pixel3D Video3D-human body detection3D recursive search3D halftoning3D print3D Meshes3D SALIENCY3D SHAPE INDEXING AND RETRIEVAL3D and 2D3D SCENE RECONSTRUCTION AND MODELING3D RANGE IMAGING3D Image Processing3D MODELLING3-D RECONSTRUCTION3d localization360-DEGREE IMAGE360-deg quality assessment3D shape analysis3D Video Conferencing3D Quality3D Models3D object shape3D Compression3D Computer Graphics3D display3D-color perception3D refinement3D shape indexing and retrieval3D mesh3D position measurement of people3D-shooting3D DIGITIZATION METHOD FOR OIL PAINTINGS3DLUT3D Data Processing3D Telepresence3D image3D Measurement3D theater program listing3D PRINTING3D face alignment3D MODEL3D Morphable Model3D Object Detection360-degree images360-degree image projection3D CAMERAS360 degrees video360-degree art exhibition360 panorama3D perception3D stereo vision3D/4D Scanning3D-LUT3D video360VR3D/4D Data Processing and Filtering3D mapping and localization360-video3D depth-map360-degree video streaming3D data processing3D optical scans3D Saliency3D surface3D Gaussian Splatting3D objects3D warping3D video processing3D scene classification360-degree Image3D TRANSFORMATION3D compression3D Imaging3D model3D STACK3D Modeling3D Range Data3D surface reproduction3D EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL3D Tracking360-degree videos3D scene flow estimation3D connected tube model3D/4D DATA PROCESSING AND FILTERING3D Shape Indexing and Retrieval3D Video Communications3D camera3D Halftoning3D Data Sources3D adaptive halftoning3D-HEVC3D image compression3D Digital Image Correlation3D PRINTER3D shape3D printing360-degree content3D Communications3D Printing3D recovery3D affine transformation3D Point Cloud3D Range Data Compression360 degree images3D modelling3D scanning3D Mapping3D capture3D rigid transformations3D RECONSTRUCTION3D digital halftoning3D Immersion3D Vision3D skeletal joint point cloud; deep learning; PointNet++ method3d scanning3D/2D Visuals3D modeling3ARRI footage3D Curvelet360° video3D range scanning3D depth sensing3D HALFTONING360 IMAGING
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4D PRINTING4K4D-printing4D scanning4-AFC Experiment4K resolution4T PIXEL4D hyperchaos system
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5.5 Sigma Threshold50% acceptability ellipsoid
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60 GHz Wireless6-DOF6D pose estimation6DoF
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7-1 MICRON PIXELS
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8K SUPER HI-VISION (SHV)8K video8K8K UHDTV8K STEREO IMAGING
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95% perceptibility ellipsoid
dataset generation pixel error model RGBIR Sensor Artificial Intelligence multimedia security Multi-label Machine learning explainability deep learning Natural Language Processing Visualization Discomfort weighted integral systematic review A/D converters Microscopy automated labeling EfficientDet. convolutional neural network Writing Reconstruction Demosaicing Deep Learning inverse problems Neuromorphic Imaging Principal Component Analysis IoU optimization Conditional Random Fields measurement system Preservation UAV Stereoscopic display Nursing Education retro-reflector diffraction. color difference statistical analysis Smart City. Multispectral 3D displays method DRA building evacuation Video Quality Integrity verification Interactive Narrative Color space Object Detector Image alignment semantics Image processing studio photography Latency RTI Rendering spectral database Open Source emotions Convolutional Neural Networks Mean Opinion Score geometric distortion AV halftoning signal processing Neural networks TCG camera response function Image Processing mean opinion score (MOS) Art Archaeology LED illumination Data collection Multispectral RTI Acne Surgery Visualization Archival theory Column-parallel ADC localization SfM layout workflow management transfer learning Schizophrenia Deformation assessment MEMS specular detection Video Artifacts optical simulation Light spectrum analysis Sentinel-1 Sensor Fusion Disocclusion Correlation Predictor texture perception image processing Poisson-Gaussian Noise Automotive Driving Automation Subjective visual experiment Point cloud Vulkan Drawing Visual Design Event simulation archives content detection Hair dye Epipolar Image Plane unpaired BRDF domain adaptation Chatbot Adversarial attacks Spectrally extended imaging canola seeds capture and post processing workflow Machine Learning FPN compensation Pose estimation Mining AI Image Re-Identification Procedural Rhetoric image quality effectiveness of training Image Orientation Neural net accelerators correlation analysis Algorithms Discolorization color distribution Image Forensics Visual resolution Neural Networks Performance assessment image classification Documentation time of flight Digitization Fourier ring correlation Cybersickness Digital Pixel Sensor multiple conversion gain Mixed Reality Computer vision embodiment TDA Processor OCR segmentation IEEE P2020 Dentistry non-expert White point Artificial intelligence computational imaging depth encoding Crossed mirror arrays Pattern artifact Embedded Systems Compression performance synthetic data thermal image prism Neural Network medical perception Interactive object classification Paradata Object Detection s-SFR Eye Trackers Augmented reality Realistic mannequins RGB-D camera Stereoscopic. Depth sensing circle detection Open source Remote operation illuminant variable precision Meanings super-resolution Offset calibration Color Blind enhancement Environment Simulation Virtual reality (VR) 3D sensor Artifact Field-of-View film restoration Information processing Thermal Image Lidar False color Visual noise camera calibration Cattle traits Multitask Learning Image quality metrics Modulation transfer function Machine-to-Machine transmission svBRDF Non-RGB 360° videos Image Edges Style Transfer image matching Remosaicing image enhancement Data Visualization image quality assessment Support Vector Classification (SVC) extrapolation Signal Falloff e-SFR image inpainting ISO 12233 Denoising convolutional neural network all pixel AF Infrared Image Generation Naked-eye 3D display Heat Map smartphone app high dynamic range imaging de-mosaic color correction U-Net Point clouds Max-Margin object detection (MMOD) Virtual Reality silicon-on-insulator (SOI) image perturbations Transfer Learning Faster RCNN discharge of justice optical phased array video frame interpolation prediction of despeckling efficiency Classification ghost Automated vision testing 3D interaction techniques immersive VR Explainable Artificial Intelligence Certification Psycho-Physiological Measurement panorama Automobile small and medium-sized enterprises Fisheye images Multi-scale Autoencoder Network Hair AR service Forchheim Image Database Pruned ResNet Augmented Reality object recognition Locally Weighted Regression Image Database FIAF Camera ISP Autonomous vehicle game model Calibration Drones Computer Vision Optical Model Multi lane detection image embedding hedonics Visualization. Image color adjustment Subjective experiment H.265/HEVC Facsimile Biometrics Autonomous Driving Local binary pattern histogram (LSBH) Reinforcement Learning Knowledge Graph auditing Skilled Subject Alignment acrylic paint despeckling MRI Ligament Analysis Mapping head-mounted display computer vision RGB-D image Recurrent Neural Network Mathematical visualization Smartphone image quality evaluation Spectral Analysis image denoising Frameworks barely open books photography Novice Subject Authentically-Distorted Database Magic Leap One R&D Partnership Portal Hair Rendering face recognition Unity game engine Mental Commands Vision processors compression Visual Attention History Spatial frequency response machine learning Navigation DCRA redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT) Multi layer perceptron Virtual Reality Computer vision task least squares fit Phase reconstruction silicon photonics Direct Sparse Odometry In-Cabin Monitoring ISO12233 Collaboration olfactory integration multiclass Self-supervised learning scatterplot Deep learning. Quality control ADAS open-source software caustics Vision testing colors convolutional neural networks Focal Stack Domain Adaption Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor strategic improvements low noise Full Reference Method ESP32-CAM Color tolerance noise evaluation forgery Multi-Gene genetic programming T1-weighted Hololens light-field Illumination Awareness Network Workflow Noise Gaming Genetic gain. image distortion Camera identification Image Segmentation Vison MLICs psychophysics specular and translucent materials Camera Digital restorer Interdisciplinary aspects image clarity enhancement image stacking multispectral software color appearance Ground truth Temporal chromatic adaptation Dresden Image Database HDR10 co-presence noise model Video Conferencing Interferometry Human Factors and Ergonomics IMU odors SNR10 Multicamera dichromatic reflection model NLP Signal-to-Noise Ratio Changed Based Segmentation Hand gesture Art Analysis color cube quantum efficiency User Study System Simulation image visual quality assessment haptic perception SFR Semantic Augmented Telepresence Event modeling bonding Original negative ancient Hebrew dataset Quantifying Quality Wrinkle white balance Structural artifact Image classification H.264 bitstream Geometry Comparison Quality Assurance Scanner Trustworthiness Volumetric Reconstruction glossiness Metal artifact reduction Medical Application image analysis. Traffic light differentiation material appearance Dolby Vision Accountability camera pose cosmetic recommendation Yellow/Blue forced-choice experiment Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) Noise reduction temporal dependency model Face recognition DeepFake Detection Open Access style transfer moving-object detection VIS-NIR Imaging Vanitas scanning back ResNet impulse noise removal low power see-through expert Adversarial Network Visual attention HDR laboratory setup Storytelling skin color image deblurring Camera Noise MTF Natural language understanding Timecourse Organic video Saliency prediction CNN DXOMARK Image quality evaluation Color distortion Interaction Design SPD of illumination color filter array (CFA) situational awareness Image Quality virtual target virtual reality Spatial Frequency Response (SFR) New perspective views. modulation transfer function (MTF) information behaviors Robust camera calilbration maniscripts camouflage Data Augmentation Dual-energy CT artificial intelligence data visualization. Symbolic Regression Convolutional Neural Network Montage Detection Paper Fixatives single-slope ADC Access U-net mobile phone Evaluation Quality of Experience (QoE) slanted edge Icon texture synthesis ATR Sketching infrared imagery 3D integration Cultural heritage Photon Transfer Curve Pyramid SLAM Image processing image demosaicing KG Painting Deep learning Subjective quality evaluation GIS neural network Quantization exposure bracketing Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) visualization Image Restoration color model image analysis Loss Function Pigmentation Multimodal Sensor Fusion Haar cascade classifier 3D video reconstruction image super-resolution SME 3D camera Duplicating positive crossmodal associations remote sensing image phase-shifting Webcam Socrates Performance evaluation Variance-stabilizing Transformation UX Design judiciary Multiobjective Optimization Convolutional neural network imbalanced data Material Capture binary segmentation cinematography depth compression Layers Forensic Data Model Coco format AV1 Single value decomposition eye tracking multicolor LED Method of adjustment visible image Near Infrared Imaging Multispectral imaging
Muralikrishnan Gopalakrishnan Meena, Amir K. Ziabari, Singanallur V. Venkatakrishnan, Isaac R. Lyngaas, Matthew R. Norman, Balint Joo, Thomas L. Beck, Charles A. Bouman, Anuj J. Kapadia, Xiao Wang
We introduce a physics guided data-driven method for image-based multi-material decomposition for dual-energy computed tomography (CT) scans. The method is demonstrated for CT scans of virtual human phantoms containing more than two types of tissues. The method is a physics-driven supervised learning technique. We take advantage of the mass attenuation coefficient of dense materials compared to that of muscle tissues to perform a preliminary extraction of the dense material from the images using unsupervised methods. We then perform supervised deep learning on the images processed by the extracted dense material to obtain the final multi-material tissue map. The method is demonstrated on simulated breast models with calcifications as the dense material placed amongst the muscle tissues. The physics-guided machine learning method accurately decomposes the various tissues from input images, achieving a normalized root-mean-squared error of 2.75%.