Regular
No keywords found
 Filters
Month and year
 
  35  3
Image
Pages 1 - 5,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

Numerous libraries and museums hold large art historical photographic collections, numbering millions of images. Because of their non-standard format, these collections pose special challenges for digitization. This paper address these difficulties by proposing new techniques developed for the digitization of the photographic archive of the Cini Foundation. This included the creation of a custom-built circular, rotating scanner. The resulting digital images were then automatically indexed, while artificial intelligence techniques were employed in information extraction. Combined, these tools vastly sped processes which were traditionally undertaken manually, paving the way for new ways of exploring the collections.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  26  7
Image
Pages 6 - 9,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

Photometric Stereo is an efficient image-based 3D reconstruction technique that has been used to reproduce very high-quality reconstructions. However, it faces a couple of limitations: first, one needs to capture images of the 3D scene with different illumination directions. It implies that the 3D scene remains motionless during illumination changes, which prevents the reconstruction of deforming objects. Second, the captured images must be obtained from a single point of view. This leads to depth-map based 2.5D reconstructions, instead of full 3D surfaces. But compared to other 3D imaging methods such as geometry modeling and 3D-scanning, this solution is a valuable tool when examining embossed surfaces where grain texture, carving, deteriorations can be identified. In this paper, we give an outline of Photometric Stereo and provide a case study of our 3D scanner.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  6  2
Image
Pages 10 - 20,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

Cultural heritage organizations of all types and sizes commonly maintain and preserve collections of 35mm mounted slides, oftentimes numbering in the hundreds, to thousands, to hundreds of thousands. Digitization of these objects presents multiple challenges. The mutual dualities of frontside/backside, combined with simultaneous reflective/transmissive content capture requires unusual imaging equipment and techniques to create efficient rapid capture workflows to meet current cultural heritage archival documentation requirements at scales such as these. Further, the interpretation, creation, and archiving of metadata from such captures present concomitant challenges, which may often be best met by integration into the imaging and processing workflow at the time of capture. Our research and development project created a suite of workflows and protocols for efficient and safe handling of slides as museum objects, complete data capture with current digital imaging studio equipment, and efficient post-processing of the digital image files.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  9  0
Image
Pages 21 - 25,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

The Music Section at the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped at the Library of Congress has been digitizing its tactile braille music collection in order to preserve it, make it electronically available, and to reduce physical space needed for storage. Poor scanning and editing can result in scores that are confusing or even unusable, especially for the blind musicians who rely on our materials. Over the past few years, we have used different scanners and software with varying degrees of accuracy and speed. In this paper, we will explain our digitization process, the types of software and techniques we use, and discuss the challenges we face in capturing and proofreading archival quality e-braille files.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  10  3
Image
Pages 26 - 28,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

The microfilm as a medium for long term preservation is still alive. Especially in the archives the microfilm is part of their strategies. But also libraries are using microfilm until today - although it's not a user friendly media type and access to information is very limited and uncomfortable. The goal of this paper is to give an overview about the current status of analogous technology and analogous Long Term Preservation (examples, standards and tendencies), current status of digital Long Term Preservation, analogous equipment, risk management, cost comparison digital vs. analogous, resume and practical hints. This paper will use experiences mostly from German examples but also international experiences from point of view of a vendor.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  10  1
Image
Pages 29 - 32,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

"All archival research should be possible 24/7" In 2005, the Amsterdam City Archives set its digital services department the ambitious target of making it possible to access its entire archive at all times. This meant that we needed to start digitizing our archives and collections on a large scale. An important part of our approach is customer-driven: through a scanning-on-demand service, the customer decides which archival documents are digitized. Next to scanning-on-demand, we work on a project basis in which we digitize entire archives or collections, of larger amounts of uniform material. Ten years on, we have met 40 000 client orders and produced 20 million scans, all online for everyone to use. Meanwhile, the customer demand for digitized items continues to increase. At the same time, large digitization projects come our way more often. This requires constant adjustment of our digitization approach and work processes. In 2018, we meet a new challenge: producing 20 000 scans a day. On this scale, an industrial approach as described in this article is not an option anymore, but a necessity.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  18  7
Image
Pages 33 - 36,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

The United States National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) has issued a new Strategic Plan FY 2018-FY 2022 that reflects NARA's ongoing commitment to support the transition to electronic record keeping, increased access and a fully digital government. The plan provides federal agencies with a deadline: "By December 31, 2022, NARA will, to the fullest extent possible, no longer accept transfers of permanent or temporary records in analog formats and will accept records only in electronic format and with appropriate metadata." It is likely that Agencies will digitize large volumes of paper records to meet this goal. This paper presents NARA's Records Management Policy and Standard's Team's draft guidance on digitizing records. The paper discusses the evolution of NARA's 2004 digital imaging for access guidelines into the current 2016 FADGI guidelines, and discusses some of the unique issues applying these guidelines in a records management context to comply with NARA's Strategic Plan.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  16  3
Image
Pages 37 - 41,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

Monitoring of imaging performance is well-established and the subject of both imaging standards and guidelines for cultural heritage institutions. To date emphasis has been on the imaging of flat object. As more three-dimensional content is being captured though, performance metrics for this class of materials need to be introduced and considered. Chief among these is depth-of-field (DOF), the distance of acceptable focus along the optical axis in front of the lens. We propose adapting image-resolution tools for arriving at a practical method for measuring depth-of-field. We discuss requirements for test-chart objects and analysis software.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  19  4
Image
Pages 42 - 46,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

Accurate camera calibration is a critical step in the capture, processing, and archiving of object properties. To be most useful to the library/museum/archiving community, the patch colors in a camera color characterization target should facilitate accurate data capture from commercial RGB cameras. Target patches can be defined colorimetrically (i.e.: CIELAB) or spectrally (i.e.: reflectance). For some limited situations, colorimetric data is sufficient, but knowing and using the spectral reflectance of the patches affords increased flexibility and accuracy. In this work, the spectral reflectance of the patches are considered in light of the spectral detection properties of cameras. A spectral model will be developed to predict how well two commercial cameras perform when profiled against an available camera target.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018
  16  3
Image
Pages 47 - 52,  © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2018
Volume 15
Issue 1

A seven-channel multi-spectral camera has been developed using commercial products and both commercial and custom software. The camera components are manufactured by Finger Lakes Instrumentation, Rodenstock, and the Andover Corporation. The colored glass filters were optimized for image quality, colorimetric accuracy, and spectral accuracy. The system can be used for color, VIS, UV, UV-excitation-VIS-emission, and NIR imaging. The system was designed for use in a cultural heritage institution's photographic studio.

Digital Library: ARCHIVING
Published Online: April  2018