The charging of toner particles in contact with carrier or developing roller is the typical tribocharging method applied in the two-component development system. Control of toner charge is critical in maintaining good image quality in electrophotographic printing process. As such, understanding of triboelectric charging in the developer is important. The Technical Committee of The Imaging Society of Japan (ISJ) has introduced standard four types of carriers to estimate the specific toner charge which helps to align them in the triboelectric series according to the charging tendency. Hence, the toners which are slightly different from the surface treatment are triboelectrically charged with the standard carriers. The toner charge and the aerodynamic size of toner particles are measured simultaneously by the Electrical Single Particle Aerodynamic Relaxation Time (ESPART) analyzer to understand the charging tendency of carriers. Further, the correlation between film surface voltages charged by contact with carriers and the toner charge are discussed.
Disna Jayampathi Karunanayake, Kueiying Sheu, Victor Huang, Yasushi Hoshino, "Toner Charging Characteristics Dependence on Different Charging Carrier Properties" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies and Digital Fabrication (NIP27), 2011, pp 391 - 394, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2011.27.1.art00100_1