Bronzing is an optical phenomenon often observed in inkjet and some other ink/paper systems and is generally considered to be a detriment to image quality. An instrumental technique has been developed for characterizing bronzing based on goniophotometric analysis in red, green, and blue light. Analysis of the instrumental results can be shown to relate directly to Fresnel specular reflectance factors, ρ. Measurements of ρ were made in red, green, and blue light to quantify chromatic attributes of gloss. The analytical metrics were shown to relate both to the underlying optical properties of the inks and to the visual perception of gloss attributes.
J.S. Arney, Carl Smith, Claire MacDonald, "A Gonio-photometric Analysis of Ink Jet Bronzing" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies and Digital Fabrication (NIP24), 2008, pp 432 - 434, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2008.24.1.art00112_1