Ink jet provides a versatile technique for the positioning of precise volumes of fluid. This can be used as a micromanufacturing tool, if the required materials can be delivered in liquid form. We have developed highly concentrated particle suspensions of a range of sub-micron ceramic materials with viscosities sufficiently low for use in commercial industrial ink jet printers. By choosing a suitable strategy to solidify the slurries, 3-dimensional structures can be produced by overprinting. The influennce of fluid properties on printing characteristics will be discussed and example ceramic structures printed and sintered will be described.It is also possible to use the methods developed for printing inorganic suspensions to print concentrated suspensions of living cells. Preliminary results will be presented of work using ink-jet printing to manufacture 3-dimensional cellular constructs for bioreactor and tissue engineering applications.
Brian Derby, "3D Ink Jet Printing of Ceramics and Biomaterials" in Proc. IS&T Digital Fabrication Conf., 2005, pp 177 - 177, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2005.21.2.art00056_3