Printer banding artifacts have been studied and analyzed by many researchers. However, banding reduction still remains an important image quality topic in the printing industry. A knowledge of how banding is perceived by human observers is vital information in designing improved new products.In this paper we develop an analytical tool for modeling perceived banding based on human perception. We describe new Crossplatform experiments using 10 different laser printers having different imaging characteristics, and we analyze banding of the ten printers with line screen patterns. We employ pulse width modulation capability to match the absorptance of the printers, and to also generate extrinsic banding signals.The experimental results identify the points of subjective equality of the ten printers relative to the banding of a reference printer, and provide the basis of a method of computing banding power by considering a contrast sensitivity function. Our results show that regardless of different banding spectral characteristics, the contrast banding power of a given printer can be mapped to the contrast banding power of one reference printer with added extrinsic banding. This implies that using our technique, we can reliably estimate the perceived amount of banding in a printer.
Yousun Bang, Zygmunt Pizlo, Jan P. Allebach, Norman Burningham, "Perception Based Hardcopy Banding Metric" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP21), 2005, pp 78 - 83, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2005.21.1.art00026_1