The objective of this study is to establish correlation between toner conductivity measured in a pressed pellet, and conductive properties of an individual toner particle. Electrical conductivity of toners with conductive surface additives was measured as a function of applied voltage, pellet pressure and additive surface area coverage. Conductivity of toner pellets increases with additive surface area coverage in a percolation manner, and depends on additive-to-toner size ratio, and applied pressure. Possible sources of errors of pellet measurements include enhancement of inter-particle contacts and migration of the additives under high pressure.
Vladislav Skorokhod, "Electrical Conductivity Measurements in Toners with Conductive Surface Additives" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP20), 2004, pp 123 - 126, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2004.20.1.art00029_1