It is well known that the electrical properties of liquid toners used in electrophotography significantly influence the quality of printed images. Electrophoresis, being the main driving force in liquid immersion development processes (LID), has been extensively studied by researchers elsewhere. The most important electrical characteristics of conventional liquid toners used in LID are conductivity, electrophoretic mobility and charge to mass ratio. Although the physical origins of these parameters in liquid toners are well understood, methods and commercial equipment available for measuring these properties are limited. The majority of methods that have been developed, suit toners of low viscosity and low solid content. In the past decade, there has been increasing attention to new liquid toners with higher solid content and increased viscosity. These toners are opaque and therefore, the traditional optical methods for measuring particle transient time in low concentration dispersions are unsuitable for these highly concentrated liquid toners. This paper will introduce a new method of measuring the electrical properties of liquid toners and will discuss its potential application in liquid electrophotography.
Alex Ozerov, Charlie Mao, "A Novel High Field Electrophoretic Cell for Characterisation of Concentrated Liquid Toners" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP19), 2003, pp 590 - 594, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2003.19.1.art00033_2