Observations of light emissions of electrical discharges are carried out by a model experimental setup of two movable plates with electrodes. Light emissions of the electric discharges are observed in a real dark room while the plates are approaching and separating. The observations of light emissions are carried out under various applied voltages and corresponding measurements of the transfer efficiency are done. The light emissions occur when the applied voltage is higher than the limit value, and once discharges happen, the transfer efficiency begins to decrease. The results show the electric discharges cause the reduction of the transfer efficiency and a retransfer is due to the electrical discharge in a nip of transfer.
Tomoko Takahashi, Sadayuki Iwai, Masami Kadonaga, "A Study of Transfer Process by Observation of Discharge Light Emission" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP19), 2003, pp 28 - 31, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2003.19.1.art00009_1