Metal Printing and building objects layer by layer is a relatively new research area that has advantages over traditional manufacturing technologies such as machining and casting. This paper describes the new technique, and looks at the challenges that needs to be overcome before a final Metal Printing machine can be built. The behavior of metal powder in strong electric fields is emphasized, as this is an important issue regarding attraction and deposition of metallic particles with a photoreceptor.
Øyvind Kolnes, "Metal Printing - A Strategic Research Program Transforming Your Designs to Physical Objects and Beyond…" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP18), 2002, pp 532 - 535, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2002.18.1.art00025_2