Printed colors are the results of the optical interaction of colorant (ink or toner) and media. Colorant can be modeled as an optical media that possesses spectrally selective optical scattering power and absorption power. With both optical properties estimated, the optical behavior of colorant on media (or the printed colors) can be predicted theoretically. In this paper, a two-constant Kubelka-Munk model is used to characterize printing inks and toners in terms of their optical scattering and absorption power. Printed colors were then predicted by alternating the orders that inks and toners are placed on media. It was found that the order of ink and toner placement could produce significant hue-shifts depending on the corresponding scattering power. The Magnitude and direction of the shift were also verified with printing samples.
Chengwu Cui, "Dependence of Color Hue-shift on Ink and Toner Scattering Power" in Proc. IS&T Int'l Conf. on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP16), 2000, pp 574 - 577, https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2000.16.1.art00040_2