With the development of China’s new economy, the express industry has also shifted from high-speed development to high-quality development. Joint distribution aims to reduce the repeated waste of resources caused by the separate transportation of various express delivery enterprises by means of joint transportation, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the express delivery industry to high-quality development. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to effectively reduce the cost of and improve the efficiency of express delivery. In this paper, a dual-objective joint distribution network planning model with the highest efficiency and the lowest total cost of joint distribution network is established, which is solved by a three-stage algorithm. The feasibility of the model and algorithm has been applied for validation in the city of Beijing, and the reasonable planning of the express network provides an effective decision-making basis.