The work aims to study the influence of the slant edge length, slant edge angle, length-width ratio and height-width ratio on the compressive strength of an octagonal box, with the length, height, width and slant edge angle set around 225 mm, 150 mm, 150 mm and 135∘ respectively. First, the single factor analysis method was used to analyze the influence of each factor on the compressive strength. Second, the parameters of each structure in the orthogonal experiment were set to conduct the proofing test. Through single factor analysis, it is found that when the variable is the slant edge angle, the compressive strength reaches the maximum when the angle is 135∘. When the variable is length-width ratio, the compressive strength reaches the maximum with the ratio of 1.3:1. When other parameters are fixed, the compressive strength increases with the increase of the slant edge length and decreases with the increase of height-width ratio. According to the orthogonal experiment, when the slant edge length, angle, length-width ratio and height-width ratio of the octagonal box are 35 mm, 150∘, 1. 2:1 and 0.6:1, respectively, the compressive strength is the maximum. Furthermore, there is a synergy between these four structural parameters; slant edge length has the greatest influence on the compressive strength of octagon box, followed by height-width ratio, slant edge angle, and length-width ratio.