The acoustic-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) technique has been a matured technique and widely seen to be used in numerous applications. However, acoustic-based ASR will not maintain a standard performance for the disabled group with an abnormal face, that is atypical eye or mouth geometrical characteristics. For governing this problem, this article develops a three-dimensional (3D) sensor lip image based pronunciation recognition system where the 3D sensor is efficiently used to acquire the action variations of the lip shapes of the pronunciation action from a speaker. In this work, two different types of 3D lip features for pronunciation recognition are presented, 3D-(
Ing-Jr Ding, Chong-Min Ruan, "A Study on Utilization of Three-Dimensional Sensor Lip Image for Developing a Pronunciation Recognition System" in Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, 2019, pp 050402-1 - 050402-9, https://doi.org/10.2352/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2019.63.5.050402