In this study, a novel method was developed to quantitatively evaluate the interactions between components in multi-component self-assembled structures. By combining multifractal analysis with mutual information from information theory, the effectiveness of this method was validated using simulated images of two-component structures. The analysis showed that the calculated mutual information correlates with changes in structural parameters, demonstrating that this technique can sensitively detect interaction strength. This approach is expected to become a powerful tool for microstructural analysis of multi-component systems, such as composite materials.