We measured the threshold of visibility of a thin line against a solid background. The line colour differed from that of the background in only one of L*, C*, and hab. The twenty-seven background colours were distributed throughout colour space. We observed trends in the dependence of the threshold differences in C* and hab as functions of C* and hab of the background colour. We found our best quantitative agreement resulted from a C* and hab dependent colour difference formula, similar in spirit to the CIE94 colour difference metric, but with different parameters and weighting functions. Finally we simulated our geometry in input to an s-CIELAB implementation and found that s-CIELAB predicted our results quite well.
R. Victor Klassen, Karen M. Braun, Robert R. Buckley, Kalpana Janamanchi, "Visibility of Thin Lines on Coloured Backgrounds" in Proc. IS&T 6th Color and Imaging Conf., 1998, pp 27 - 32, https://doi.org/10.2352/CIC.1998.6.1.art00007