CIE 170-1:2006 provides a framework for considering variation between average viewers in cone fundamentals and corresponding color matching functions. CIE 170-1:2006 provides for variation as a function of age and angular field size for average viewers. In many situations the angular field size and average viewing age is known, and can therefore be utilized. Further, individual information with respect to color matching is not difficult to obtain. Individual information is likely to vary from the average, sometimes significantly, and even between the left and right eyes. There are various additional ways to minimize color variation, including using one or more broad spectrum emitters, such as broad-spectrum-white. If such wide-spectrum emitters are maximized, viewer variation is minimized. Numerous other methods utilizing more than three primaries can also reduce color variation, as well as sometimes offering expanded gamut. Using a variety of such readily-accessible techniques, color variation can be minimized, or at least reduced.