A gamut compression algorithm (GCA) and a gamut extension algorithm (GEA) were proposed based on the concept of vividness. Their performance was further investigated via two psychological experiments together with some other commonly used gamut mapping algorithms (GMAs). In addition, difference uniform colour spaces (UCSs) were also evaluated in the experiments including CIELAB, CAM02-UCS and a newly proposed UCS, Jzazbz. Present results showed that the new GCA and GEA outperformed all the other GMAs and the Jzazbz was a promising UCS in the field of gamut mapping.