On the technical level, the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) offers a common standard for referring to images or parts of images using a well-defined URL-based syntax. This allows transformations like scaling, rotation, mirroring, and format conversions to be applied. However, for the full integration of digital objects in other environments, interoperability has to go beyond mere technical specifications for access. Nontechnical metadata such as image descriptions, annotations, and references to other objects (e.g., texts, transcriptions, and other visual representations) must be available as well. Using the example of digital facsimiles of the scientific notebook of Jacob I Bernoulli and its transcriptions, we show how XML together with the IIIF Image API allows for a seamless integration and merging of image and text sources in the same environment.
Tobias Schweizer, Lukas Rosenthaler, Peter Fornaro, "Content-based Interoperability: Beyond Technical Specifications of Interfaces" in Proc. IS&T Archiving 2017, 2017, pp 34 - 38, https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2168-3204.2017.1.0.34