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                <article article-type="research-article">
                <front>
                    <journal-meta>
                    <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ei</journal-id>
                    <journal-title>Electronic Imaging</journal-title>
                    <issn pub-type="ppub">2470-1173</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2470-1173</issn>
                    <publisher>
                        <publisher-name>Society for Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
                        <publisher-loc>IS&amp;T 7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151 USA</publisher-loc>
                    </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                    <article-meta>
                    <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/EI.2023.35.5.IRIACV-327</article-id>
                    <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IRIACV-327</article-id>
                    <article-categories>
                        <subj-group>
                        <subject>Article</subject>
                        </subj-group>
                    </article-categories>
                    <title-group>
                        <article-title>Overcoming deep learning subclass imbalances: Comparing the transfer of identity across a racial transformation</article-title>
                    </title-group><contrib-group content-type="all"><contrib contrib-type="author"><name>
                            <surname>Sumsion</surname>
                            <given-names>Andrew </given-names>
                           </name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1author1"/></contrib><aff id="aff1author1">Brigham Young University, United States</aff></contrib-group><contrib-group content-type="all"><contrib contrib-type="author"><name>
                            <surname>Torrie</surname>
                            <given-names>Shad </given-names>
                           </name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1author2"/></contrib><aff id="aff1author2">Brigham Young University, United States</aff></contrib-group><contrib-group content-type="all"><contrib contrib-type="author"><name>
                            <surname>Sun</surname>
                            <given-names>Zheng </given-names>
                           </name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1author3"/></contrib><aff id="aff1author3">Brigham Young University, United States</aff></contrib-group><contrib-group content-type="all"><contrib contrib-type="author"><name>
                            <surname>Lee</surname>
                            <given-names>Dah-Jye </given-names>
                           </name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1author4"/></contrib><aff id="aff1author4">Brigham Young University, United States</aff></contrib-group><abstract>
                    <title>Abstract</title>
                    <p>As facial authentication systems become an increasingly advantageous technology, the subtle inaccuracy under certain subgroups grows in importance. As researchers perform data augmentation to increase subgroup accuracies, it is critical that the data augmentation approaches are understood. We specifically research the impact that the data augmentation method of racial transformation has upon the identity of the individual according to a facial authentication network. This demonstrates whether the racial transformation maintains critical aspects to an individual identity or whether the data augmentation method creates the equivalence of an entirely new individual for networks to train upon. We demonstrate our method for racial transformation based on other top research articles methods, display the embedding distance distribution of augmented faces compared with the embedding distance of non-augmented faces and explain to what extent racial transformation maintains critical aspects to an individual’s identity.</p>
                    </abstract><pub-date>
                        <day>16</day>
                        <month>1</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                        </pub-date><volume>35</volume>
                    <issue-acronym>IRIACV</issue-acronym>
                    <issue-title>Intelligent Robotics and Industrial Applications using Computer Vision 2023</issue-title>
                    <issue>5</issue>
                    <fpage>327-1</fpage>
                    <lpage>327-6</lpage>
                    <permissions>
                         <copyright-statement>© 2023, Society for Imaging Science and Technology</copyright-statement>
                        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
                    </permissions><kwd-group><kwd>Biometrics</kwd><kwd>Classification</kwd><kwd>Deep Learning</kwd><kwd>Face Recognition</kwd><kwd>Generative Adversarial Network</kwd><kwd>Race Bias</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta>
                </front>
                </article>