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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010604</journal-id>
      <journal-title>Electronic Imaging</journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2470-1173</issn><issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society for Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2018.09.SRV-127</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2470-1173(20180128)2018:9L.1271;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">s4.phd</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/ei/2018/00002018/00000009/art00004</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Predicting Rapid Fire Growth (Flashover) Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Yun</surname>
            <given-names>Kyongsik</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Bustos</surname>
            <given-names>Jessi</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Lu</surname>
            <given-names>Thomas</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>28</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2018</volume>
      <issue>9</issue>
      <fpage>127-1</fpage>
      <lpage>127-4</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>A flashover occurs when a fire spreads very rapidly through crevices due to intense heat. Flashovers present one of the most frightening and challenging fire phenomena to those who regularly encounter them: firefighters. Firefighters' safety and lives often depend on their ability to
 predict flashovers before they occur. Typical pre-flashover fire characteristics include dark smoke, high heat, and rollover ("angel fingers") and can be quantified by color, size, and shape. Using a color video stream from a firefighter's body camera, we applied generative adversarial neural
 networks for image enhancement. The neural networks were trained to enhance very dark fire and smoke patterns in videos and monitor dynamic changes in smoke and fire areas. Preliminary tests with limited flashover training videos showed that we predicted a flashover as early as 55 seconds
 before it occurred.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>FLASHOVER PREDICTION</kwd>
        <kwd>CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK</kwd>
        <kwd>OBJECT RECOGNITION AND SEGMENTATION</kwd>
        <kwd>COMPUTER VISION</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
