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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010410</journal-id>
      <journal-title>NIP &amp; Digital Fabrication Conference</journal-title>
      <abbrev-journal-title>nip digi fabric conf</abbrev-journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2169-4451</issn><issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society for Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2014.30.1.art00083_1</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2169-4451(20140101)2014:1L.342;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">nip_v2014n1/splitsection83.xml</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/nipdf/2014/00002014/00000001/art00083</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Electrical Measurement of Ink Sedimentation</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Rathjen</surname>
            <given-names>Andreas</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Grauert</surname>
            <given-names>Nicki</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Kr&#xFC;ger</surname>
            <given-names>Klaus</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Mikolajek</surname>
            <given-names>Morten</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Friederich</surname>
            <given-names>Andreas</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Binder</surname>
            <given-names>Joachim R.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2014</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>342</fpage>
      <lpage>346</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Characterization of inks, particularly sedimentation in particle inks, is an important challenge in inkjet printing. This paper proposes the approach of ink characterization by electrical measurements. A conductivity cell is used for the application of alternating current. This provides
 well-defined ink characteristics without changing ink properties. Thus, the method can be used not only in ink formulation but also for on-line monitoring during the printing process.Two different ink compositions are investigated regarding impedance and phase angle. Silver inks, common
 as the conductive component in printed circuits and barium titanate inks. The latter inks comprise of an insulating (dielectric) material. The method is proved to be applicable here. Both compositions show low-pass filter characteristics. Accordingly, similar analysis methods are used. The
 low-pass frequency response allows for the implementation of the random walk method to obtain equivalent capacity and resistance.From the measured values, accurate discrimination of the actual solid substance content is possible for both inks.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
