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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010410</journal-id>
      <journal-title>NIP &amp; Digital Fabrication Conference</journal-title>
      <abbrev-journal-title>nip digi fabric conf</abbrev-journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2169-4451</issn><issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society of Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2012.28.1.art00015_1</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2169-4451(20120101)2012:1L.43;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">nip_v2012n1/splitsection15.xml</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/nipdf/2012/00002012/00000001/art00015</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Comparing Paper Books and Electronic Media in Reading to Answer Questions</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Shibata</surname>
            <given-names>Hirohito</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Omura</surname>
            <given-names>Kengo</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2012</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>43</fpage>
      <lpage>46</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>This report describes experiments comparing reading performance such as reading speed and accuracy of tasks in reading to answer questions using different media: paper books, e-readers, and computer displays. As examples of reading of this kind, we considered two scenarios: seeking
 answers from text manuals and seeking photographs from collections. In two experiments conducted according to the two situations, participants performed tasks most quickly using a paper book or a PC. They had trouble flipping through pages with e-readers. Although the paper book was inferior
 to the PC in terms of turning over pages continuously with rapidity, participants performed flexible navigation with the paper book such as turning over pages from the end or middle of the book.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
