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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010410</journal-id>
      <journal-title>NIP &amp; Digital Fabrication Conference</journal-title>
      <abbrev-journal-title>nip digi fabric conf</abbrev-journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2169-4451</issn><issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society of Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2007.23.1.art00016_2</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2169-4451(20070101)2007:2L.567;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">nip_v2007n2/splitsection16.xml</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/nipdf/2007/00002007/00000002/art00016</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Micro-sizing degree as a property of ink-jet media printability</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Enomae</surname>
            <given-names>Toshiharu</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Mori</surname>
            <given-names>Yohta</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Isogai</surname>
            <given-names>Akira</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2007</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2007</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>567</fpage>
      <lpage>570</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2007</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>As well as supreme image quality realized by specialized paper, industrial and office printing markets demand uncoated general papers compatible with both offset printing and non-impact printing. The present work aims at clarifying the behavior of a micro-liquid droplet of water-based
 ink-jet inks or simply water absorbed into uncoated paper. In the experiment, laboratory handsheets were prepared by adding alkyl ketene dimmer (AKD) as a sizing agent at different levels of water repellency; none, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 % on dry pulp mass. The landing action and the absorption
 into paper of micro-droplets of water ejected from an ink-jet head were recorded by the microscopic high-speed video camera system every millisecond. The period of time between the landing and the completion of absorption was defined as &#x201C;micro-sizing degree&#x201D;. The micro-sizing degree
 was approximately 2 to 3 ms up to 0.10 % AKD addition. It is lower than that of commercial silica-coated ink-jet papers which was approximately 8 ms although silica-coated papers are known to absorb water very quickly. However, the micro-sizing degree was approximately 45 ms for the handsheets
 of 0.20 % AKD addition. This result implies that the water-repellency by AKD is distributed over fiber surfaces so homogeneously that micro-water droplets of diameters of as small as a few micrometers are absorbed stably at similar rates.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
