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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010410</journal-id>
      <journal-title>NIP &amp; Digital Fabrication Conference</journal-title>
      <abbrev-journal-title>nip digi fabric conf</abbrev-journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2169-4451</issn><issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society of Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2005.21.2.art00022_3</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2169-4451(20050101)2005:3L.63;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">nip_v2005n3/splitsection22.xml</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/nipdf/2005/00002005/00000003/art00022</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Incorporating Unique Tactile Graphic Software with Inkjet to Improve Tactile Map Design and Availability</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Dinar</surname>
            <given-names>Snir</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>McCallum</surname>
            <given-names>Donald</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Rowell</surname>
            <given-names>Jonathan</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2005</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2005</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>63</fpage>
      <lpage>67</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2005</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Significant improvements in the accuracy, repeatability, speed and cost of ink-jet over the last decade have led to rapid growth in areas in which the technology can be applied. The Tactile Inkjet Mapping Project (TIMP) printer, which uses ink-jet technology to create tactile maps and
 diagrams, has proved desirable due to its advantages over parallel alternative technologies in cost, printing time, digital connectivity and robustness of its output. However, the commercialization of such printer will only partly address the issue of availability of tactile maps for visually
 impaired users. Much of the effort and time taken to produce tactile maps is taken up by their design. Although design is highly intuitive and often personal, existing guidelines agree on many basic requirements; the number of symbols to be used on a single map, appropriate separation distances
 between objects, a need for clear simple maps and so on. This paper proposes stages by which a software solution might be developed, incorporating experimental outcomes and more speculative ideas, and involving GIS to generate automatic tactile output. Combined with the advantages of the TIMP
 printer, we hope that a software solution will ultimately improve tactile map design and lead to increased availability of tactile maps.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
