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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010410</journal-id>
      <journal-title>NIP &amp; Digital Fabrication Conference</journal-title>
      <abbrev-journal-title>nip digi fabric conf</abbrev-journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2169-4451</issn><issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society of Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/ISSN.2169-4451.2000.16.1.art00087_1</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2169-4451(20000101)2000:1L.330;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">nip_v2000n1/splitsection87.xml</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/nipdf/2000/00002000/00000001/art00087</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Double Spin-Coated Organic Electroluminescent Devices</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Jousseaume</surname>
            <given-names>V.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Maindron</surname>
            <given-names>T.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Dodelet</surname>
            <given-names>J. P.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Lu</surname>
            <given-names>J.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Shoji</surname>
            <given-names>E.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Hlil</surname>
            <given-names>A. R.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>Hay</surname>
            <given-names>A. S.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>D'Iorio</surname>
            <given-names>M.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2000</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2000</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>330</fpage>
      <lpage>334</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2000</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>New electroluminescent (EL) molecules, dissolved in a high T<sub>g</sub> poly(aryl-ketone) (A435), have been used in double spincoated electroluminescent devices. The first EL molecule is a soluble AlQ<sub>3</sub> derivative and the second one is a hexaphenyl-substituted isobenzofuran.
 The maximum solubility of both EL molecules in A435 is about 70 wt%. The typical structure of the devices is: [ITO/HTL/ETL/Mg], where HTL is a new high T<sub>g</sub> hole transport aryl amine polymer and ETL is one of the new EL molecules in solid solution in A435. HTL is spin-coated from
 chloroform while the second layer is spin-coated from toluene. HTL is completely insoluble in toluene. For the devices prepared with the AlQ<sub>3</sub> soluble derivative or for the devices prepared with the hexaphenyl-substituted isobenzofuran, the luminance has been found to increase with
 the EL molecule content (up to 50 &#xB1; 5 wt%) in A435. Maximum luminance values higher than 2000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> have been measured for the soluble AlQ<sub>3</sub> (peak emission at 545 nm) while they reach 1000 cd/m<sup>2</sup> for the isobenzofuran derivative (peak emission at 505 nm).
 The luminance decreases drastically when the EL molecule content in A435 increases above 50 wt%. The current density in both double spin-coated OLEDs is quite large affecting therefore their quantum efficiency. Solutions to improve the quantum efficiency are described.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
