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<article article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="aggregator">72010350</journal-id>
      <journal-title>Color and Imaging Conference</journal-title>
      <abbrev-journal-title>color imaging conf</abbrev-journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2166-9635</issn><issn pub-type="epub"/>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Society of Imaging Science and Technology</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>7003 Kilworth Lane, Springfield, VA 22151, USA</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2352/CIC.1996.4.1.art00054</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="sici">2166-9635(19960101)1996:1L.209;1-</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">cic_v1996n1/splitsection54.xml</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">/ist/cic/1996/00001996/00000001/art00054</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Ethical Issues in Digital Image Manipulation</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib>
          <name>
            <surname>MacDonald</surname>
            <given-names>Lindsay W.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date>
        <day>01</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>1996</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1996</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>209</fpage>
      <lpage>213</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>1996</copyright-year>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Image manipulation has a long tradition in art and photography, now extended into digital media. When designing and using digital systems for manipulating images it is desirable to consider the ethical issues, especially their effects on the end-users or consumers of the images. Many
 of these issues are related to those of IT ethics, but the visual aspects of imaging pose special challenges to systems engineers and educators alike.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
